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A dihan rally during the confiscation of property from the bais. Kazakh ASSR / RIA

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Photograph presumably taken by the Russian Red Cross Society / From the private collection of Sabit Shildebay

Photograph presumably taken by the Russian Red Cross Society / From the private collection of Sabit Shildebay

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Turar Ryskulov / Wikimedia Commons

Turar Ryskulov / Wikimedia Commons

A medical team examines residents of one of the villages of the Akmola region. The Kazakh ASSR. 1928 / RIA

A medical team examines residents of one of the villages of the Akmola region. The Kazakh ASSR. 1928 / RIA

Illustration album «La Famine en Russie». Geneva, 1922 / From the private collection of Sabit Shildebay

Illustration album «La Famine en Russie». Geneva, 1922 / From the private collection of Sabit Shildebay

Soviet poster «Remember the starving». 1921 / Wikimedia Commons

Soviet poster «Remember the starving». 1921 / Wikimedia Commons

 Emaciated horse. USSR, 1932 or 1933 / Alamy

Emaciated horse. USSR, 1932 or 1933 / Alamy

 Illustration album «La Famine en Russie». Geneva, 1922 / From the private collection of Sabit Shildebay

Illustration album «La Famine en Russie». Geneva, 1922 / From the private collection of Sabit Shildebay

 Mikhail Mikhailovich Cheremnykh. Awaken, citizens! Hunger is no longer suffering — it is terror! 1922 / Heritage Art / Heritage Images via Getty Images

Mikhail Mikhailovich Cheremnykh. Awaken, citizens! Hunger is no longer suffering — it is terror! 1922 / Heritage Art / Heritage Images via Getty Images

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Sergei Chekhonin. Help the Starving! The Union of Art Workers Aids the Starving. Soviet propaganda poster, 1921 / Alamy

Sergei Chekhonin. Help the Starving! The Union of Art Workers Aids the Starving. Soviet propaganda poster, 1921 / Alamy

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From 1930 onwards, fearing social unrest due to forced collectivization, the 1932–1933 famine, and massive peasant migration into cities, Soviet authorities launched a series of purges. Between 1930 and 1939, hundreds of thousands of people perished / Alamy

From 1930 onwards, fearing social unrest due to forced collectivization, the 1932–1933 famine, and massive peasant migration into cities, Soviet authorities launched a series of purges. Between 1930 and 1939, hundreds of thousands of people perished / Alamy

Seitkali Mendeshev /Wikimedia Commons

Seitkali Mendeshev /Wikimedia Commons

Manash Kozybayev / Kazgazeta.kz

Manash Kozybayev / Kazgazeta.kz