Meiramgul Kussainova. Tanbaly in Almaty, Kazakhstan / Anadolu via Getty Images

«Irk Bitig» page 7. 9th century / The International Dunhuang Project / Wikimedia Commons

Vilhelm Thomsen. 1912 / Wikimedia Commons

Bitik taş tombstone. Talas river / Wikimedia Commons

Nestorian ceramic epitaph dating from the Yuan dynasty. In the middle of the epitaph there is a cross at the top of this cross, on each side can be seen a line of Syriac writing, on the bottom, on each side four lines of Uyghur Mongol writing. Songshan district of Chifeng, Inner Mongolia / Wikimedia Commons

Mir Ali Shir Nawa I, Chagatai Turkish text in Nastaliq script. Afghanistan, Herat, late 15th century. Cincinnati Art Museum / Wikimedia Commons

İsmail Gasprinskiy. Before 1915 / Wikimedia Commons

Ibrai Altynsarin. "Kyrgyz Reader" / kazneb.kz

«Aiqap» magazine. 1911 / kazneb.kz

«Abai» magazine / National Library of Republic of Kazakhstan

Akhmet Baitursynuly’s alphabet / CSA RK

Akhmet Baitursynuly’s alphabet / CSA RK

Participants of the First Turkologic Congress. 1926 / State Film and Photo Documents Archive of Republic of Azerbaijan

Amanzholov Sarsen Amanzholovich. Before 1958 / orkeniet.vkgu.kz