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~ 1 min read
09.07.2026

Authors: Dauren Issagulov, Ahmet Taşağıl

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Bugut Stele (copy) and Zayiin Gegeen Monastery. Tsetserleg, Mongolia. 6th century / Wikimedia Commons

Bugut Stele (copy) and Zayiin Gegeen Monastery. Tsetserleg, Mongolia. 6th century / Wikimedia Commons

Eighteen Songs of a Nomad Flute. Early 15th century / Metropolitan Museum of Art

Eighteen Songs of a Nomad Flute. Early 15th century / Metropolitan Museum of Art

Statue of Bumin Khagan. Esenyurt, Istanbul, 2019 / Alamy

Statue of Bumin Khagan. Esenyurt, Istanbul, 2019 / Alamy

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"Irk Bitig" (Book of Omens), page 7. 9th century / The International Dunhuang Project, British Library

"Irk Bitig" (Book of Omens), page 7. 9th century / The International Dunhuang Project, British Library

An Jia with a Turkic Chieftain in Yurt (detail). 579 / Shaanxi Provincial Institute of Archaeology, Xi’an / Wikimedia Commons

An Jia with a Turkic Chieftain in Yurt (detail). 579 / Shaanxi Provincial Institute of Archaeology, Xi’an / Wikimedia Commons

Orkhon inscriptions — oldest Turkic monuments / Getty Images

Orkhon inscriptions — oldest Turkic monuments / Getty Images

Dauren Issagulov

MATERIALS OF THE AUTHOR

Ahmet Taşağıl

MATERIALS OF THE AUTHOR

© QALAM 2026. All rights reserved


Certificate of Registration of a Periodical Print and Online Publication No. KZ04VPY00140219. Issued on January 26, 2026, by the Information Committee of the Ministry of Culture and Information of the Republic of Kazakhstan.