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~ 1 min read
30.07.2026

Authors: Dauren Issagulov, Jack Weatherford

Collage / Qalam

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Genghis Khan and Wang Khan. Illustration from the manuscript Jami' al-tawarikh, written by Rashid al-Din. 15th century, Iran 1430 / Bibliothèque nationale de France. Département des Manuscrits. Division orientale / Wikimedia Commons

Genghis Khan and Wang Khan. Illustration from the manuscript Jami' al-tawarikh, written by Rashid al-Din. 15th century, Iran 1430 / Bibliothèque nationale de France. Département des Manuscrits. Division orientale / Wikimedia Commons

Rashid al-Din. Enthronement of Genghis Khan at the Source of the Onon River (1206), illustration from "Jami' al-tawarikh",. Herat (Afghanistan). 1430 / Bibliothèque nationale de France

Rashid al-Din. Enthronement of Genghis Khan at the Source of the Onon River (1206), illustration from "Jami' al-tawarikh",. Herat (Afghanistan). 1430 / Bibliothèque nationale de France

Unknown artist (after Gilbert Stuart). Portrait of Martha Washington. USA. Early to mid-19th century / National Portrait Gallery

Unknown artist (after Gilbert Stuart). Portrait of Martha Washington. USA. Early to mid-19th century / National Portrait Gallery

DNA / ChatGPT generated Image

DNA / ChatGPT generated Image

Tolui with Sorghaghtani Beki. Miniature from "Jami' al-tawarikh" Persia. Early 14th century / Wikimedia Commons

Tolui with Sorghaghtani Beki. Miniature from "Jami' al-tawarikh" Persia. Early 14th century / Wikimedia Commons

Panorama of Onon River. Khentii Province, Mongolia. / Wikimedia Commons

Panorama of Onon River. Khentii Province, Mongolia. / Wikimedia Commons

Dauren Issagulov

MATERIALS OF THE AUTHOR

Jack Weatherford

MATERIALS OF THE AUTHOR

© QALAM 2026. All rights reserved


Certificate of Registration of a Periodical Print and Online Publication No. KZ04VPY00140219. Issued on January 26, 2026, by the Information Committee of the Ministry of Culture and Information of the Republic of Kazakhstan.