Settlers cooking food. Almaty Region, 1931 / Author unknown / From the personal archive of Aleksandr Reingoldovich Tkachev / CSACPA
Deported Chechens during housing construction. Tekeli / CSACPA
Crimea. Deserted village of Uskut after the deportation of the Crimean Tatars. New residents had not yet arrived. 1945 / Wikimedia Commons
Deported Chechens during housing construction. Tekeli / CSACPA
Mother of Stanilav Kulakowski / Ałmatyński Kurier Polonijny | No. 2(13), 2016 / Ałmatyński Kurier Polonijny, Polish Cultural Centre "Więź" / https://wienz.kz
The Gazdiev family of Ingush origin beside their deceased daughter. Kazakhstan, 1944 / Wikimedia Commons
Soviet deportees boarding a train for their destinations in the Gulags of Siberia. It could depict any of the mass deportations carried out under Stalin's rule. 1940 / Alamy
Singer sewing machine. 1920s / Alamy