Architectural Detail of the Karatay Madrasa. Konya, Turkey / Getty Images

Osman I, Founder of the Ottoman Dynasty. Portrait by an Unknown Artist / Wikimedia Commons

Detail of a Silk Textile Bearing the Name of Ottoman Sultan Bayezid I. Circa 1400 / Studenica Monastery, Serbia / Cornucopia

Janissary Agha (left) and Kadi, an Ottoman Judge (right). Engraving by Lemaitre, Masson and Monnin from Historia de Turquia. 1840 / Getty Images

Funeral of Nurbanu Sultan, Mother of Ottoman Sultan Murad III. Miniature from the Shahanshahnama. Late 16th Century / Wikimedia Commons

Büyük Valide Han, a Caravanserai Commissioned by Kösem Sultan in the 17th Century. Istanbul, Turkey / Wikimedia Commons

Abdullah Frères. Dolmabahçe Mosque and Square. Istanbul, Ottoman Empire. 19th Century / Google Art Project / Wikimedia Commons

In a Harem. Private Collection / Getty Images

Egyptian Fellah Woman. 1872 / Wikimedia Commons

Officials of the Ottoman Janissary Corps: Paymaster, Unit Leader, Non-Commissioned Officer and Guard Chief / Getty Images

Two Women Selling Popcorn on a Street in Istanbul. Engraving, Late 19th Century / Getty Images

A Street Vendor Offering His Goods to a Young Woman at Her Doorstep. Constantinople, Ottoman Empire, 1907 / ullstein bild via Getty Images

Turkish Woman. Ottoman Empire, circa 1885 / adoc-photos / Corbis via Getty Images

Women Baking Bread. Mosul, Mesopotamia, Ottoman Empire. Circa 1900 / ullstein bild via Getty Images