Statue of Abylai Khan in Turkestan, Kazakhstan/Alamy
Dzunghar army/Wikimedia Commons
Dzungaria on the map of Chinese provinces. Published in 1844 World Atlas by Henry Teesdale and Co. in London/Wikimedia Commons
Battle at Awabat-chuang. A scene of the Chinese Campaign against Rebels in the East Turkestan. 1828/Wikimedia Commons
Genghis Khan and Wang Khan. Illustration from the manuscript Jami' al-tawarikh, written by Rashid al-Din. 15th century, Iran/Wikimedia Commons
Nikolay Karazin (1842–1908). Imposing a tax on the Middle Kirghiz-Kaisak Horde. Royal Index (1824). 1870th/Wikimedia Commons
Nader's battle against Ilbares Khan. 1757/Wikimedia Commons
Alexander Kun. Syr Darya Oblast. City of Turkestan. Baky Masjid, a Section of the City. Turkestan album. Between 1865 and 1872/Library of Congress
Fyodor Rokotov. Portrait of Catherine II/Hermitage Museum
Aleksander Orłowski. Battle Cossacks with Kyrgyz (Russians called Kazakhs Kirghiz or Kirghiz-Kaisaks). Lithography. 1826/Wikimedia Commons
Drawn by Pyotr Borel, engraved by Lavrenty Seryakov. Neplyuev Ivan Ivanovich (1693-1773), Russian statesman/Wikimedia Commons
Map of Tartarie by Guillaume Delisle. 1706/Wikimedia Commons
Semyon Remezov. Kalmyk cavalry pursuing Khan Kuchum. Fragment of a drawing from the Remezov Chronicle. Between 1697 and 1703/Siberian History. Multimedia Center of NSU
Charles-Michel Geoffroy. Forced emigration of the Kalmyks to China in 1771. 1845/Google Books
Vasily Vereshchagin. Kazakh in national headdress. 1867/Kiev National Picture Gallery