Stucco relief panel with horsemen, figural scenes, and an ornamental inscription. Saveh, Iran, 13th–14th century / Ananda Coomaraswamy, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston / Wikimedia Commons, Public Domain

Alp Arslan enthroned. Miniature from Rashid al-Din’s Jamiʿ al-tawarikh. Shiraz / Herat, early 15th century — c. 1425 / Topkapı Palace Library, H.1654, fol. 202b / Wikimedia Commons, Public Domain

Map of the Seljuk Empire in 1092 / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0

Bowl with Prince on Horseback. Iran, 12th–13th century/ The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Harris Brisbane Dick Fund, 1951 / Public Domain

Battle of the Second Crusade: Louis VII and Baldwin III of Jerusalem against the Saracens. Miniature from William of Tyre’s Histoire d’Outremer. France, 14th century / Bibliothèque nationale de France, Département des Manuscrits, Français 22495, fol. 154v / Public Domain

Double-headed eagle with the inscription “al-Sultan” on the chest. Tile from Kubadabad Palace, Konya, Turkey, 1220s / unknown artist / Wikimedia Commons, Public Domain